SS 304 Properties – SS304 Density, Composition, Tensile Yield Strength
What is SS 304?
SS 304 is the abbreviation of Stainless Steel 304, which is the most widely used austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel. Its nominal composition is 18% chromium and 8% nickel, so it is also called 18/8 stainless steel. SS304 stainless steel has lower corrosion resistance than SS316 and slightly higher than SS302. SS304 density is 7,930 kg/m3 (0.286 lb/in3), melting point is 1400-1450 °C (2550-2650 °F), thermal conductivity is 16.2 W/m·K at 100 °C (9.4 Btu/ft·h·°F at 212 °F), tensile strength is 515 MPa (75 ksi), yield strength is 205 MPa (30 ksi).
304L is a modified low-carbon stainless steel based on 304, used to improve the corrosion resistance after welding, and has excellent intergranular corrosion resistance after welding or stress relief. It is recommended for parts that cannot be annealed fabrication by welding in certain corrosive environments.
Material SS304 Properties Data Sheet
The tables below summarize the material SS 304 properties data sheet and specifications including chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, etc.
Stainless Steel SS304 Chemical Composition
SS304 stainless steel chemical composition is listed in the table below.
| SS304 Composition, % | |||||||||
| ASTM Standard | AISI (UNS) | C, ≤ | Si, ≤ | Mn, ≤ | P, ≤ | S, ≤ | Cr | Ni | N, ≤ |
| ASTM A240/A240M | 304 (UNS S30400) | 0.07 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 17.5-19.5 | 8.0-10.5 | 0.1 |
| ASTM A276/A276M | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | – | |
| ASTM 666; SAE J405 |
0.08 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-10.5 | 0.1 | |
| ASTM A313/A313M | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-10.5 | 0.1 | |
| ASTM A479/A479M | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-10.5 | – | |
| ASTM A314; ASTM A580/A580M |
0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-10.5 | 0.1 | |
| ASTM A473 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | 0.1 | |
| ASTM A959 | 0.07 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 17.5-19.5 | 8.0-11.0 | – | |
Notes:
- ASTM A240/A240M: Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
- ASTM A276/A276M: Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
- ASTM A313/A313M: Stainless Steel Spring Wire
- ASTM A314: Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging
- ASTM A473: Stainless Steel Forgings
- ASTM A479/A479M: Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
- ASTM A580/A580M: Stainless Steel Wire
- ASTM 666: Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
- ASTM A959: Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
- SAE J405: Chemical Composition of SAE Wrought Stainless Steels
Physical Properties
SS 304 material physical properties are given in the following table, including density, melting point, specific heat, electrical resistivity, elastic modulus (modulus of elasticity), thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), etc.
Notes:
- 10-6·K-1 = 10-6/K
- 1 Ω·mm²/m = 1 μΩ·m
- 1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/dm3 = 1000 kg/m3
- 1 GPa = 1 kN/mm2
- 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
| SS 304 Physical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Density | 7.93 g/cm3 | 0.286 lb/in3 |
| Melting point | 1400-1450 °C | 2550-2650 °F |
| Specific heat capacity | 500 J/kg·K at 20 °C | 0.12 Btu/lb ·°F at 68 °F |
| Electrical resistivity | 0.72 μΩ·m at 20 °C | 28.35 μΩ·in. at 68 °F |
| Conductivity, %, IACS | 2.5 | – |
| Magnetic permeability | 1.02 (Approximate) | – |
| Elastic modulus (Modulus of Elasticity) | 193 GPa | 28 x 106 psi |
| Thermal diffusivity | 3.84 mm2/s | 0.006 in2/s |
| Thermal conductivity | 16.2 W/m·K at 100 °C | 9.4 Btu/ft·h·°F at 212 °F |
| 21.5 W/m·K at 500 °C | 12.4 Btu/ft·h·°F at 932 °F | |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) | 17.2 10-6/K at 0-100 °C | 9.6 μin./in.·°F at 32-212 °F |
| 17.8 10-6/K at 0-315 °C | 9.9 μin./in.·°F at 32-600 °F | |
| 18.4 10-6/K at 0-538 °C | 10.2 μin./in.·°F at 32-1000 °F |
Material SS304 Mechanical Properties
Material SS304 mechanical properties are listed in the data sheet below including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction in area, Brinell and Rockwell hardness, etc.
| ASTM A276 SS304 Mechanical Properties | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI | Tensile Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% Yield Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Elongation in 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Reduction of Area, %, ≥ | Conditions |
| ASTM A276/A276M | 304, 304LN |
515 (75) | 205 (30) | 40 | 50 | Annealed, Hot finished |
| 620 (90) | 310 (45) | 30 | 40 | Annealed, Cold finished, Dia ≤ 1/2 in (12.7mm) | ||
| 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 30 | 40 | Annealed, Cold finished, Dia > 1/2 in (12.7mm) | ||
| ASTM A240 SS 304 Mechanical Properties | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI (UNS) | Tensile Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% Yield Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Elongation in 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Brinell Hardness, HB, ≤ | Rockwell Hardness, HRB, ≤ |
| ASTM A240/A240M | 304 (UNS S30400) | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 40 | 201 | 92 |
| ASTM A666 Type 304 Mechanical Properties | |||||||
| ASTM Standard | AISI | Conditions | Tensile Strength, MPa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% Yield Strength, MPa (ksi), ≥ | Elongation in 50 mm (2 in.), %, ≥ | Brinell Hardness (HB), ≤ | Rockwell Hardness (HRB), ≤ |
| ASTM A666 | 304 | Annealed | 517 (75) | 205 (30) | 40 | 201 | 92 |
| 1/2 Hard (Half Hard) | 1035 (150) | 760 (110) | 6 (<0.015 in); 7 (≥ 0.015 in) |
||||
| 1/4 (Quarter-hard) Hard | 862 (125) | 517 (75) | 10 (≤ 0.03 in); 12 (> 0.03 in) |
||||
| 1/8 Hard | 690 (100) | 380 (55) | 35 | ||||
| SS 304 plate, strip, sheet | 1/16 Hard | 550 (80) | 310 (45) | 40 | |||
| 304 flat bar | 620 (90) | 310 (45) | 40 (>0.030 in) | ||||
| ASTM A313 Type 304 Stainless Steel Spring Wire Tensile Strength Requirements | ||||
| Diameter (d), in. | Diameter (d), mm | Bend Test, Minimum Number of Bends | ksi | MPa |
| ≤0.009 | ≤0.23 | – | 325-355 | 2240-2450 |
| 0.009<d≤0.010 | 0.23<d≤0.25 | – | 320-350 | 2205-2415 |
| 0.010<d≤0.011 | 0.25<d≤0.28 | – | 318-348 | 2190-2400 |
| 0.011<d≤0.012 | 0.28<d≤0.30 | – | 316-346 | 2180-2385 |
| 0.012<d≤0.013 | 0.30<d≤0.33 | – | 314-344 | 2165-2370 |
| 0.013<d≤0.014 | 0.33<d≤0.36 | – | 312-342 | 2150-2360 |
| 0.014<d≤0.015 | 0.36<d≤0.38 | – | 310-340 | 2135-2345 |
| 0.015<d≤0.016 | 0.38<d≤0.41 | – | 308-338 | 2125-2330 |
| 0.016<d≤0.017 | 0.41<d≤0.43 | – | 306-336 | 2110-2315 |
| 0.017<d≤0.018 | 0.43<d≤0.46 | – | 304-334 | 2095-2300 |
| 0.018<d≤0.020 | 0.46<d≤0.51 | – | 300-330 | 2070-2275 |
| 0.020<d≤0.022 | 0.51<d≤0.56 | – | 296-326 | 2040-2250 |
| 0.022<d≤0.024 | 0.56<d≤0.61 | – | 292-322 | 2015-2220 |
| 0.024<d≤0.026 | 0.61<d≤0.66 | – | 291-320 | 2005-2205 |
| 0.026<d≤0.028 | 0.66<d≤0.71 | 8 | 289-318 | 1995-2190 |
| 0.028<d≤0.031 | 0.71<d≤0.79 | 8 | 285-315 | 1965-2170 |
| 0.031<d≤0.034 | 0.79<d≤0.86 | 8 | 282-310 | 1945-2135 |
| 0.034<d≤0.037 | 0.86<d≤0.94 | 8 | 280-308 | 1930-2125 |
| 0.037<d≤0.041 | 0.94<d≤1.04 | 8 | 275-304 | 1895-2095 |
| 0.041<d≤0.045 | 1.04<d≤1.14 | 8 | 272-300 | 1875-2070 |
| 0.045<d≤0.050 | 1.14<d≤1.27 | 8 | 267-295 | 1840-2035 |
| 0.050<d≤0.054 | 1.27<d≤1.37 | 8 | 265-293 | 1825-2020 |
| 0.054<d≤0.058 | 1.37<d≤1.47 | 7 | 261-289 | 1800-1990 |
| 0.058<d≤0.063 | 1.47<d≤1.60 | 7 | 258-285 | 1780-1965 |
| 0.063<d≤0.070 | 1.60<d≤1.78 | 7 | 252-281 | 1735-1935 |
| 0.070<d≤0.075 | 1.78<d≤1.90 | 7 | 250-278 | 1725-1915 |
| 0.075<d≤0.080 | 1.90<d≤2.03 | 7 | 246-275 | 1695-1895 |
| 0.080<d≤0.087 | 2.03<d≤2.21 | 7 | 242-271 | 1670-1870 |
| 0.087<d≤0.095 | 2.21<d≤2.41 | 7 | 238-268 | 1640-1850 |
| 0.095<d≤0.105 | 2.41<d≤2.67 | 5 | 232-262 | 1600-1805 |
| 0.105<d≤0.115 | 2.67<d≤2.92 | 5 | 227-257 | 1565-1770 |
| 0.115<d≤0.125 | 2.92<d≤3.17 | 5 | 222-253 | 1530-1745 |
| 0.125<d≤0.135 | 3.17<d≤3.43 | 3 | 217-248 | 1495-1710 |
| 0.135<d≤0.148 | 3.43<d≤3.76 | 3 | 210-241 | 1450-1660 |
| 0.148<d≤0.162 | 3.76<d≤4.11 | 3 | 205-235 | 1415-1620 |
| 0.162<d≤0.177 | 4.11<d≤4.50 | 3 | 198-228 | 1365-1570 |
| 0.177<d≤0.192 | 4.50<d≤4.88 | 1 | 194-225 | 1335-1550 |
| 0.192<d≤0.207 | 4.88<d≤5.26 | 1 | 188-220 | 1295-1515 |
| 0.207<d≤0.225 | 5.26<d≤5.72 | 1 | 182-214 | 1255-1475 |
| 0.225<d≤0.250 | 5.72<d≤6.35 | 1 | 175-205 | 1205-1415 |
| 0.250<d≤0.278 | 6.35<d≤7.06 | 1 | 168-198 | 1160-1365 |
| 0.278<d≤0.306 | 7.06<d≤7.77 | 1 | 161-192 | 1110-1325 |
| 0.306<d≤0.331 | 7.77<d≤8.41 | 1 | 155186 | 1070-1280 |
| 0.331<d≤0.362 | 8.41<d≤9.19 | 1 | 150-180 | 1035-1240 |
| 0.362<d≤0.394 | 9.19<d≤10.00 | 1 | 145-175 | 1000-1205 |
| 0.394<d≤0.438 | 10.00<d≤11.12 | 1 | 140-170 | 965-1170 |
| 0.438<d≤0.500 | 11.12<d≤12.70 | 1 | 135-165 | 930-1140 |
| >0.500 | >12.70 | – | 130-160 | 895-1105 |
| When wire is specified in straightened and cut lengths, the minimum tensile strength shall be 90 % of the values listed in the table. | ||||
| ASTM A473 SS 304 Mechanical Properties | |||||||
| ASTM | AISI (UNS) | Tensile Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% Yield Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Elongation in 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Reduction of Area, %, ≥ | Sections | Conditions |
| ASTM A473/A473M | 304 (UNS S30400) | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 40 | 50 | ≤ 5 in. (127 mm) | Annealed |
| 485 (70) | > 5 in. (127 mm) | Annealed | |||||
| ASTM A479 SS 304 Mechanical Properties | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI (UNS) | Tensile Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% Yield Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Elongation in 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Reduction of Area, %, ≥ | Conditions |
| ASTM A479/A479M | 304, 304H, 304LN | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 30 | 40 | Annealed |
| ASTM A580 SS304 Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI (UNS) | Tensile Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% Yield Strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Elongation in 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Reduction of Area, %, ≥ | Conditions |
| ASTM A580/A580M | SS 304 (UNS S30400) | 620 (90) | 310 (45) | 30 | 40 | Annealed, cold finished |
| 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 50 | Annealed | ||
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